Solvent‐Controlled Assembly of Aromatic Glutamic Dendrimers for Efficient Luminescent Color Conversion

A binary supramolecular system where self‐sorting and coassembly behavior can be switched by changing the solvent polarity is hereby reported. Glutamic dendron is separately conjugated with pyrene and naphthalimide luminophores through an alkyl spacer. The resulting structurally similar building units can self‐assemble into one‐dimensional micro/nanostructures with hexagonal and lamellar packing, respectively. Varying solvents from polar aqueous solution to nonpolar decane is evidenced to profoundly inverse the superchirality and switch self‐sorted assembly to coassembly of the two building blocks. The moisture sensitivity of the naphthalimide moiety is considered the primary driving force for the self‐sorting phenomenon in aqueous solution, resulting in inevitable hydration to repel its stacking with hydrophobic pyrene moiety. On the other hand, the naphthalimide unit can integrate segmentally with the pyrene unit in decane, greatly facilitating the nanofiber growth and supramolecular gel formation along with improved energy transfer efficiency between luminophores. As a result, the coassembly‐based thin films show efficient luminescent color conversion upon the UV light irradiation. This research presents a useful route for the fabrication of controllable solution‐processed light emitting devices from self‐assembled multicomponent systems.     

ACME台架蒸汽发生器传热特性数值模拟

以ACME台架的蒸汽发生器（SG）为研究对象，SG二次侧选用两流体模型，采用计算流体力学软件CFX对ACME台架的SG进行了整体直接模拟。针对稳定试验工况进行了计算，得到了SG一、二次侧的温度分布，二次侧空泡份额分布及传热管的壁温等参数沿U型管高度方向的变化，获得了二次侧较详细的流动和传热特性。计算结果表明，从第2道折流板开始，折流板底部已积聚了部分气泡，随高度的增加，折流板底部积聚的气泡越多，在弯管区附近及以上区域，已全部变为蒸汽。本文计算结果与试验结果符合较好。     

恒湿文物展柜用吸附式空气取水方法

博物馆恒湿文物展柜的湿度控制至关重要，为实现展柜的自动恒湿功能，本文基于吸附式空气取水原理，提出了一种将环境水汽自动补充至恒湿文物展柜系统水箱的方法，并搭建了相应的小型空气取水装置，证明了该方法的可行性；同时，构建了传热传质耦合的空气取水装置数学模型，在获取环境温湿度对装置取水量的影响规律后，分析加热功率和吸附床结构对装置单位能耗取水量的影响；此外，为便于装置的后期推广应用，提出了两个基于吸附床高度和直径的量纲为1参数。结果表明：进口空气的温度对取水量影响较小，但进口空气的湿度对取水量影响较明显，取水量随着湿度增加而增加；加热功率存在最优值，单位能耗取水量随着加热功率先增大后减小；在当前几何参数组合下，两个量纲为1参数η=2、β=4时，装置的单位能耗取水量最高。     

超亲水毛细芯环路热管启动及热性能分析

为解决电子设备高热通量下的散热问题，采用H₂O₂氧化法对烧结毛细芯进行了超亲水改性，研究了毛细芯表面润湿性对吸液性能的影响。并将改性后的超亲水毛细芯应用到环路热管内，研究了倾斜角度及加热功率对超亲水毛细芯环路热管的换热特性的影响。实验结果表明：超亲水毛细芯的吸液速度增加，吸液时间较亲水毛细芯减小了3.52ms；与普通亲水毛细芯环路热管相比，在加热功率Q=200W时，超亲水毛细芯环路热管蒸发器中心温度降低了约6.0℃，在Q=20W时启动时间与温度分别降低了33s与2.5℃。同时发现超亲水毛细芯环路热管在正重力状态时的运行温度更低，热阻较小，最低热阻仅为0.084℃/W。     

转载溜槽衬板磨损预测的DEM仿真方法

针对EDEM自动划分网格较稀疏问题,采用Hypermesh划分仿真模型网格,利用Herz-Mindlin接触理论的Archard磨损模型对转载溜槽磨损问题进行仿真,在网格单元上提取出漏斗和溜管衬板的接触能量和磨损量,分析了磨损量与接触能量的关系。假设转载溜槽衬板磨损深度为物料与溜槽衬板的使用时间为线性函数,根据现场衬板磨损量的测量值,将衬板的磨损系数关系的看作隐式的单变量方程,应用EDEM软件的仿真结果求解出磨损系数的标定值。分析了漏斗和溜管的磨损机理。该方法可用于转载溜槽的磨损预测。     

三叶膨胀管换热器壳程强化传热的数值研究

三叶膨胀管是一种新型强化传热管,针对纵向流换热器特点,设计了三种不同管束结构参数的三叶膨胀管自支撑纵向流换热器。应用FLUENT软件及Realizable k-ε湍流模型,对三种不同结构参数的三叶膨胀管换热器壳程强化传热特性展开了数值模拟,并通过与实验数据的对比,验证了计算模型的可靠性。计算了不同壳程介质流速下,三叶膨胀管换热器壳程的换热系数与压降值,并获得了壳程流体流线以及相应的温度场、速度场和二次流分布图。结果发现,在壳程水流速一致的情况下,管束横向间距越大的三叶膨胀管换热器,壳程拥有更高的综合换热性能和更低的压降值,但相应地,换热系数也更低。流场分析显示,壳程流体流线呈现出三维纵向旋流形态,二次流的出现改变了速度场和温度场分布,二次流的强度随着管束横向间距的减小而增大。     

Flow control with electrode bank arrangements by electrohydrodynamics force for heat transfer enhancement in a porous medium

Active flow control with electrohydrodynamics (EHD) force in the channel flow has been numerically investigated for enhancing heat transfer. This study focuses on the effect of electrode bank arrangements and the number of electrodes on corona wind and fluid flow for heat transfer onto a porous medium. Aligned and staggered configurations of electrode banks are compared. The numerical results show that electric field intensity depends on electrical voltage and the number of electrodes. Shear flow is increased with larger numbers of electrodes and in the aligned configuration, resulting in the enhancement of vortex strength. The swirling flow from staggered configurations spread wider than that of aligned configurations, but the aligned configuration produced more turbulence. In addition, the temperature distribution in the channel flow is increased with increasing numbers of electrodes. With the effect of swirling flow, airflow above the porous sample surface is faster leads the heat to more transfer to the porous sample surface. This causes the temperature of porous medium to increase rapidly so the convective heat transfer coefficient on porous medium surface is increased. Finally, the modified case of the numerical results is validated against the experimental results. The experimental flow visualization is based on the incense smoke technique, in order to verify the accuracy of the swirling flow pattern subjected to the electric field. It is shown that the comparison results in both techniques are in good agreement.     

Dynamics of a family of continued fraction maps

We explore the dynamics of a 1-parameter family of continued fraction maps of the unit interval. The family contains as special instances the Gauss continued fraction map and the Fibonacci map. We determine the transfer operators of these dynamical maps and prove that the Denjoy–Minkowski measure is a common invariant measure of the family. We show that their analytic invariant measures obey a common functional equation generalizing Lewis’ functional equation and we find a.c. invariant measures for some members of the family. We also discuss a certain involution of this family which sends the Gauss map to the Fibonacci map relating Riemann's zeta function to the so-called Fibonacci zeta function.     

Insight into selective oxidation of dual-phase steel after annealing in pure H2 atmosphere at different heating rates and temperatures

In this paper, the oxidation behaviors of DP980 advanced high strength steel (AHSS) are studied during annealing in a hydrogen atmosphere with different temperatures and heating rates. It is revealed that with the increase in holding time, the different heating rates affecting the surface oxide precipitation on the strip surface will be weakened. Mass transfer of Mn in heating, soaking, and cooling stages has been considered to illustrate the effect of heating rate on the oxide morphology of steel. And then, the Wagner model and aluminothermic reaction kinetics were performed to discuss the transition from external to internal and maximum reduction diameter of MnO oxidation.     

基于数据辩识算法的燃气热水锅炉运行特性研究

搭建了以泡沫铜翅片换热器为核心的烟气水分回收实验台，研究了冷却水进口温度、烟气雷诺数及烟气中水蒸气体积分数对该换热器水回收特性和换热特性的影响,基于实验数据，利用多元回归拟合得到对流换热的关联式，其预测值与实验值误差在6%以内。结果表明：水蒸气体积分数增大可以显著提升水回收特性，而冷却水进口温度及烟气雷诺数对其影响很小；冷却水进口温度与烟气雷诺数对换热效率的影响较大，冷却水进口温度与换热效率成反比，烟气雷诺数与之成正比，而水蒸气体积分数对其影响较小；实验获得的最大冷凝水产率为7.68 kg/h，最大冷凝率为56.94%，最大换热效率为96.95%。